The findings of this rapid assessment indicate that the gender-related barriers to prevention of new HIV infections among children and keeping mothers alive and healthy are complex and include cultural perceptions of HIV and gender norms that increase stigma and women’s vulnerability. It is clear that effective investments in prevention of new HIV infections among children need to be accompanied by investment in gender- and culture-transformative approaches in order to overcome barriers to uptake of services. Systematically assessing and addressing gender and cultural issues, as detailed in the recommendations above can significantly contribute to the goal of eliminating new HIV infections among children by 2015 and keeping their mothers alive.
